FeNO Is a Clinically Useful Biomarker of Type 2 Inflammation in Pediatric Patients With Asthma

In pediatric asthma patients, FeNO can be a useful marker to:

FeNO is the only noninvasive point-of-care test to rapidly assess type 2 inflammation ^13,14

ERS, European Respiratory Society; FeNO, fractional exhaled nitric oxide; GINA, Global Initiative for Asthma; IL, interleukin; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; ppb, parts per billion. 1. Smith AD, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;172(4):453-459. 2. Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Accessed January 18, 2024. https://ginasthma.org/2023-gina-main-report/. 3. Peters MC, et al. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2016;16(10):71. 4. Katial RK, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017;5(2S):S1-S14. 5. Parulekar AD, et al. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2016;22(1):59-68. 6. Gaillard EA, et al. European Respiratory Society clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis of asthma in children aged 5–16 years. Eur Respir J. 2021;58(5):2004173. 7. Ferraro VA, et al. J Clin Med. 2019;8(11):1783. 8. White MP, et al. J Asthma Allergy. 2020;13:11-22. 9. Kim JK, et al. Respirology. 2017;22(3):466-472. 10. Diamant N, et al. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(6):1449-1454. 11. Di Cara G, et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2015;26(1):85-87. 12. di Palmo E, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(9):4651. 13. Kuo CR, et al. Respir Med. 2019;155:54-57. 14. Bjermer L, et al. Respir Med. 2014;108(6):830-841. 15. Prado CM, et al. ISRN Allergy. 2011:832560. 16. Alving K, Malinovschi A. Basic aspects of exhaled nitric oxide. In: Horvath, de Jongste JC, eds. Exhaled Biomarkers. European Respiratory Society; 2010:1-33. European Respiratory Monograph No. 49. 17. Munakata M. Allergol Int. 2012;61(3):365-372.