The Role of Mucus Plugging in Asthma and Its Clinical Burden

Figure created with BioRender.com. ^aDaily OCS use  bIn patients with asthma, mucus plugging is primarily driven by type 2 inflammation; however, type 1 immune responses, including neutrophil involvement, may also contribute.¹
CLC, Charcot–Leyden crystal; EC, epithelial cell; eDNA, extracellular DNA; EOS, eosinophils; EPO, eosinophil peroxidase; H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide; IL, interleukin; ILC, innate lymphoid cell; MUC5AC, mucin 5AC; OCS, oral corticosteroids; ppFEV_¹, percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second; Th, T-helper.
1. Aegerter H, Lambrecht BN. Annu Rev Pathol. 2023;18:387–409. 2. Tang M, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022;205:1036–1045. 3. Chan R, et al. Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023;11:195–199. 4. Audousset C, et al. Respiratory Res. 2024;25:52. 5. Dunican EM, et al. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15:S184–191.

Mucus plug score has a strong negative association with lung function parameters such as FEV₁ and FVC^1–3

^aCorresponding to the 18 bronchopulmonary segments present in most people. BD, bronchodilator; CT, computed tomography; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; LSMD, least squares mean difference; ppFEV₁, percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second. 
1. Jaramillo AM, et al. Allergol Int. 2024;73:375–381. 2. Dunican EM, et al. J Clin Invest. 2018;128:997–1009. 3. Tang M, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022;205:1036–1045. 4. https://www.fluidda.com/lung-imaging-fri/. Accessed January 2025. 
5. Castro M, et al. Lancet Respir Med. 2025. In press. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00362-X. 6. Huang BK, et al. JCI Insight. 2024;9(3):e174124. 7. Porsbjerg C, et al. ERS. 2024. Presentation OA3649.

To report any side effect(s):
Saudi Arabia: National Pharmacovigilance and Drug Safety Centre (NPC)
SFDA call center: 19999.  E-mail: npc.drug@sfda.gov.sa. Website: https://ade.sfda.gov.sa
Full Prescribing Information is available upon request: SANOFI, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box 9874, Jeddah 21423, K.S.A.
Tel: +966-12-669-3318, Fax: +966-12-663-6191
For Medical Information, Please contact: +966-12-669-3318, ksa.medicalinformation@sanofi.com. For Pharmacovigilance, Please contact: +966-54-428-4797, ksa_pharmacovigilance@sanofi.com. To report any product technical complaints, kindly contact quality.greatergulf@sanofi.com

SANOFI, Level 3, One JLT, Jumeirah Lake Towers (JLT), DMCC, PO Box 53899, Dubai, UAE | Tel: +971 4 550 3600 | Fax: +971 4 5521050
For further Medical Information, please contact: For UAE ✆ 800 MEDICAL Toll-Free Number. For all Gulf Countries ✆+971 45 50 38 63 or email: medical-information.gulf@sanofi.com. Full Prescribing Information is available upon request. To report adverse events please call: +971 561747001 or email Gulf.Pharmacovigilance@sanofi.com