Interplay between the innate and adaptive immunity

The regulatory interplay between the innate and adaptive immunity allows immune homeostasis to be maintained^1,2

Crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune systems occurs through various mechanisms, including cytokine signaling, antigen presentation, and inflammasome activity^1,2

Immune dysregulation arises from the dysfunction of the innate and/or adaptive immune systems, and can lead to pathological consequences^1,2

NLRP3 inflammasome and its byproducts (i.e., IL-1β, IL-18) contribute to cross-talk between the innate and adaptive immune systems^1,2

Innate immunity may induce adaptive immune response via NLRP3 inflammasome and its by products leading to²:

• T-cell proliferation
• B-cell proliferation
• Enhanced antibody production

Adaptive immunity regulates innate immune response in part by targeting inflammasomes²:

• Antibodies from B cells regulate inflammasome production

• T cells produce cytokines that regulate 

  inflammasome activation

Abbreviations: ITP, immune thrombocytopenia; SCD, sickle cell disease; wAIHA, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia.